State records indicate that 208,367 men, including approximately fifteen thousand foreign-born soldiers, served under arms in Indiana organizations during the Civil War. Conservative estimates claim nearly 7,200 German-born soldiers in the ranks from a German immigrant population placed at about 67,000 in 1860. It is likely that Germans served in all of the 171 organizations Indiana sent into the field, either as individuals or as members in ethnic companies, but among those units were two German artillery batteries and one German infantry regiment that gained renown in the Western theater.